Anesthetics: It may be defined as those drugs which produce insensibility to the vital functions of all types of cell especially of nervous system. Anesthetics may be classified into two groups on the basis of their applications,
(i) General Anesthetics: These depress the central nervous system to such an extent that all sensitivity to pain or feeling is gone, i.e., they make unconsciousness all over the body. These are used for main surgical operations. These can be used in the type of gas, e.g., cyclopropane, ethylene, nitrous oxide, either or may be given in the injection as of, e.g., sodium pentothal.
(ii) Local Anesthetics: These affect only a part of the body insensitive to pain or feeling. Common local Anesthetics are: xylocaine (used in jelly form), ethyl chloride (used in spray form) and procaine (used in injection). These are used for modest surgical operations like tooth extraction, incision of an abscess or stitching of a wound. Some other current local anesthetics are; a-eucaine, orthocaine (orthoform) and dimethisoquin.
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