Amines
Amines are observed as derivatives of ammonia in which one, two or all three hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl or aryl group.
Amines are defined as primary, secondary or tertiary depending on the number of alkyl groups attached to nitrogen atom.
The characteristic sets in primary, secondary and tertiary amines are:
In addition to define amines, tetra-alkyl derivatives similar to ammonium salts also exist which are called quaternary ammonium compounds.
(1) Simple and mixed amines : Secondary and tertiary amines may be classified as simple or mixed amines according as all the alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom are same or different. For example,
Simple amines :
Mixed amines :
The aliphatic amines have pyramidal shape with one electron pair. In amines, N undergoes sp3 hybridisation.
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