Table: Alloys of Iron
|
Name
|
Percentage
|
Properties
|
Uses
|
|
Stainless steel
|
Fe = 73%, Cr = 18%,
Ni = 8% and carbon
|
Resists corrosion
|
For making utensils, cutlery and ornamental pieces.
|
|
Manganese steel
|
Fe = 86%, Mn = 13% and carbon
|
Very hard, resistant to wear and tear.
|
For Making rock drills, safes etc.
|
|
Tungsten steel
|
Fe = 94%, W = 5% and carbon
|
Retains hardness even at high temperatures
|
For making high speed cutting tools.
|
|
Invar
|
Fe = 64%, Ni = 36%
|
Practically no coefficient of expansion.
|
For making watches, meter scales, pendulum rods etc.
|
|
Nickel steel
|
Fe = 98-96%, Ni = 2-4%
|
Resistant to corrosion, hard and elastic.
|
For making wire cables, gears, drive shafts etc.
|
|
Permalloy
|
Fe = 21%, Ni = 78% and carbon
|
Strongly magnetised by electric current, loses magnetism when current is cut off.
|
For making electromagnets, ocean cables etc.
|
|
Chrome steel
|
Fe = 98-96%, Cr = 2-4%
|
High tensile strength
|
For making axles, ball bearings and cutting tools such as files.
|
|
Alnico
|
Fe = 60%, Al =12%,
Ni = 20%, Co = 8%
|
Highly magnetic
|
For making permanent magnents.
|
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