Alkali metals, s & p block elements Assignment Help

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Alkali Metals and Their Compounds

         The group 1 of the periodic table contains six elements, namely lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs) and francium (Fr). All such elements are typical metals. The francium is radioactive with the longest lived isotope 223Fr with half life period of only 21 minute. These are generally referred to as alkali metals since their hydroxides form the strong bases or alkalies.

         (1) Electronic configuration


1092_alkali metals.png

         (2) Occurrence : Alkali metals are very reactive and thus found in combined state some important ores of alkali metals are given ahead.

         (i) Lithium : Triphylite, Petalite, lepidolite, Spodumene [LiAl(SiO3)3], Amblygonite [Li(Al F)PO4]

         (ii) Sodium : Chile salt petre (NaNO3), Sodium chloride (NaCl), Sodium sulphate (Na2SO4), Borax (Na2B4O710H2O), Glauber salt (Na2 SO4.10H2O)

         (iii) Potassium : Sylime (KCl), carnallite (KCl.MgCl2.6H­2O) and Felspar whose chemical formula is(K2O.Al2O3.6SiO2)

         (iv) Rubidium : Lithium ores Lepidolite, triphylite contains 0.7 to 3% Rb2O

         (v) Caesium : Lepidolite, Pollucite contains 0.2 to 7% Cs2O

 

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