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Aims of Education In Current Times

OVERVIEW AND BACKGROUND FOR THE STUDY:

In the major sense Education is the accomplishment that has an influential impact on an individual’s character, mind and physical abilities. If discussed technically education is defined as a process through which a society with positive intentions transform it. In its technical sense, education is the process by which society deliberately transmits its amassed knowledge, skills and values from one generation to another.

The educational system have a process that it follows: teachers and students are the primary people in an educational system. The teachers transform education to the students in various forms including reading, science, history, mathematics and writing. This process of transforming education from the teachers to students by the means of teaching is known as schooling. Education is a wide concept and is not restricted to only being taught in the schools and one can get educated in specialized areas of interests as well for example vocational skills for example training to become a pilot. The medium of educating someone is not just schools but other places like museums and libraries, and facilities like the Internet provides one of the best knowledge about everything.

HISTORY:

According to the President of Freie University, Berlin, Dieter Lenzen, education began million years ago at the end of 1770. The traditional education system that existed in earlier days will always have a link with current education system as well. In earlier times the the level of literate used to be achieved through the medium of oral communication and imitation and story telling is one basic thing that have always helped to pass on the education from one person to another. One important fact, that the evolutions of culture and human beings as a species have been dependent on the practice of transmitting knowledge.

The practice of spreading knowledge started expanding its arms. When cultures began to expand their knowledge beyond the basic skills of communicating, trading, gathering food, religious practices, etc., formal education, and schooling, eventually followed.

The history of education in England in the 19th century the Church of England was the one that provided schools for the children till the time there was a proper establishment of free, compulsory education towards the end of that century. The following were the colleges and universities which were established:

• University College London and

• King's College London; the two colleges forming the University of London.

• Durham University

• the "redbrick" universities

The 1944 Education Act established the Tripartite System of grammar schools, secondary modern schools and Secondary Technical Schools. The school leaving age was raised to 16 in 1972.

LITERATURE REVIEW:

Education is the practice by which individuals learn:

• Training means provision of learning, mainly by a teacher.

• Coaching means the practice of providing learning to the student by using a means of group teaching.

• Knowledge means learning with a view toward preparing learners with specific knowledge, skills, or abilities that can be applied immediately upon completion.

Primary education:

Primary education consists of the initial 5–7 years of formal education. Generally it means that primary education schooling that begins from the age of five or six, although this varies ,

Globally around 89% of primary-age children are enrolled in primary education, and this proportion is rising. The division between primary and secondary education is somewhat illogical, but it generally happens at about eleven or twelve years of age.

Secondary education

In most contemporary educational systems of the world, secondary education comprises the formal education that occurs during adolescence. It is characterized by transition from the typically compulsory, comprehensive primary education for minors, to the optional, selective tertiary, "post-secondary", or "higher" education (e.g., university, vocational school for adults. Depending on the system, schools for this period, or a part of it, may be called secondary or high schools, gymnasiums, lyceums, middle schools, colleges, or vocational schools. The exact meaning of any of these terms varies from one system to another. The exact boundary between primary and secondary education also varies from country to country and even within them, but is generally around the seventh to the tenth year of schooling. Secondary education occurs mainly during the teenage years. In the United States, Canada and Australia primary and secondary education together are sometimes referred to as K-12 education, and in New Zealand Year 1-13 is used. The purpose of secondary education can be to give common knowledge, to prepare for higher education or to train directly in a profession.

Higher education

Higher education, also called tertiary, third stage, or post secondary education, is the non-compulsory educational level that follows the completion of a school providing a secondary education, such as a high school, secondary school. Tertiary education is normally taken to include undergraduate and postgraduate education, as well as vocational education and training. Colleges and universities are the main institutions that provide tertiary education. Collectively, these are sometimes known as tertiary institutions. Tertiary education generally results in the receipt of certificates, diplomas, or academic degrees

Adult education

This kind of education is becoming common to almost every country nowadays. It have many forms that varies from different age groups and are some based on formal learning and some on internet learning. Several career based courses are provided that helps an individual to become a successful person in life and these include veterinary assisting, medical billing and coding, real estate license, bookkeeping.

Alternative education

This kind of education is not specified to any age group and consists of varying age groups. It is also known as non-traditional form of education, and it is a wide term that is used to explain all forms of education outside of traditional education. It might be designed for students with specialized needs or people with specialized needs.

PROCESS:

Curriculum

A hypothetical discipline is a division of knowledge that is taught formally either in schools and universities or by other means of teaching. Every field of study usually have several sub-subjects. For instance if a student studies management then it is a wide area of study and contains several sub divisional subjects and branches.

Learning modalities

Education cannot be transformed if there is no one to accept it thus there are various teaching styles followed to make learning interesting. The environment provided to the students is such that they enjoy going to the school and the basic motive of learning is established. The individual attention given to every child or learner for developing and nourishing their skills and capabilities have proved to one of the best techniques to increase learning and grasping power of the students. The following are the current modalities used in the schools and universities to make education system more simpler to be understood:

• Visual: it is entirely based on observation and seeing and then learns.

• Auditory: it is entirely based on listening to instructions.

• Kinesthetic: learning based on hands-on work and engaging in activities.

Although it is believed that every means of teaching have different techniques and preferences and also there impact are different if one means helps to increase the observation level of the student the other helps to increase the cognitive thinking abilities of the child.

One important fact that is connected to this is that teaching patterns should keep getting change as per the changes in the teaching techniques because if one keeps on repeating the same modules to the children and present it in the same manner it becomes monotonous and thus its influence start demolishing and it is of no use. Thus using varieties of techniques and making the class interesting is integral part of teaching and learning process.

Teaching A student teacher relation is an integral part of a better education, if discussed about society as a whole. Education is considered to be a vehicle that brings about change in the society to such an extent that it can make an undeveloped country a developed one. The current aim of education is driven by the curriculum or the syllabus. Every facilitator in the school is expected to instill these applications into their teaching philosophy. Schools have always been held responsible for the knowledge, and customs that are inculcated in any individual. According to the writers the purpose of education is divided into 4 basic parts that are:

- Intellectual

- Political

- Economical

- Social

According to the given theories the basic aim of providing understanding and comprehensive knowledge to the children to survive in this competitive world. They continue by saying the education not only provide the learner a scope of surviving well in the society but also it can remove and eradicate problems of racism, poverty, sexual discrimination, and other environmental and social issues. The schools provide education to the children so that in future they can be successful in their life and grow as a better citizen. Another point that is being put forward is that there should be a social interaction between students and teachers so that they form a better relation and the students get to learn new things from their teachers.

Technology

Source: Educational technology

Technology is an increasingly influential factor in education.

The knowledge is important to be given in the form of both practical and theoretical. The theoretical knowledge should be kept short and simpler but should be strict and rigid. It should not be too long because that could make learning process a little sluggish and lingering and to attain accuracy it should be simple. The theory should not be messed up with the practical knowledge. The student should not come across any doubts and errors while using the theoretical information in practice. The author’s point of view is that the erudition that have that can be proved should be utilized as well and vice-versa. Thus according to him there is no difference between proof and utilization and thus are the same things.

The technologies such as computers and mobile phones both goes hand in hand with the current education system and also helps in establishing new ways of teaching methodologies and also encourages internet or online education that is even helpful for students that they can work along with their higher studies by perusing their studies through the medium of online education. This gives students the prospects to decide on their areas of. Not just this technology offers powerful learning tools that demand new skills and understandings of students, including Multimedia, and provides new ways to engage students, such as Virtual learning environments.

When discussing about knowledge and learning media plays an important role in the current times because media is mixed with communication. As said that every individual wants a secret to be happy, popular, attractive, understanding, satisfied and most importantly in control. The skill that provides all these qualities is effective communication. In fact, the benefits of communication and education are so much that they cannot be listed here because thse enhances so many aspects of our life. Thus technology is a medium through which an individual can polish their eminence and traits and also it nourishes the capabilities of an individual in he areas of advocacy that is advertising, marketing, public relation etc. and also enriches the education level.

The Open University of the United Kingdom (UKOU), which was established in 1969 as the first educational institution in the world which provides distance learning education is still dependent on print-based materials, television and, recently also on online programming. Similarly, the Indira Gandhi National Open University in India combines the use of print, recorded audio and video, broadcast radio and television, and audio conferencing technologies.

The term "computer-assisted learning" (CAL) has been increasingly used to describe the use of technology in teaching.

INTERNATIONALIZATION

Education has become international nowadays. Not only the materialistic pleasures are being influenced by international countries but now also the education patterns provided by various countries to their students in every field of study. Some scholars argue that, every individual should have an exposure to different styles of education and should not be bounded in just one form. The exchange programs recently started by every country aims that every individual should not only get a chance study in their country and the subjects offered in their homeland but also experience various different styles of technologies and methodologies used by other countries as well. Every place has their own ways of transcending knowledge, therefore every school or university is different. Thus internationalization of education will always help in better development of any country.

RESEARCH AIMS AND QUESTION:

My research is completely based on the education and its aim. In the entire case study I have discussed the history and background of education, that when the need for education was felt and it initiated. Also the earlier means of education and the current means and technologies being used for the betterment of the education structure.

The following were the questions that I came across during my case study and that I have tried to answer through the same medium as well. These are:

1. What is the real meaning of education?

Ans: Education is the practice by which individuals learn:

• Training means provision of learning, mainly by a teacher.

• Coaching means the practice of providing learning to the student by using a means of group teaching.

• Knowledge means learning with a view toward preparing learners with specific knowledge, skills, or abilities that can be applied immediately upon completion.

2. Is education only related school learning?

Ans: Educations have always been associated with learning at school at one point of time is vibrant with turmoil of genius and the cause behind this is that these are overloaded with static and sluggish ideas. The education with stagnant thoughts is useless and not only this but above all these are harmful. Education is not only bookish and learning subjects but education is religious education as well. It instills duty and responsibility in an individual. These come from within a sense of obligation in a person towards society and other people around him.

But we cannot deny the fact that schooling is important as well. The schools provide education to the children so that in future they can be successful in their life and grow as a better citizen. Another point that is being put forward is that there should be a social interaction between students and teachers so that they form a better relation and the students get to learn new things from their teachers. Basically the aim of the education according to this article is that education should be such that it can transform and emancipate an individual and can be easily adjusted in the present social structure. From past times and even in the current times have been to provide a person or individual who is merely well informed about his surrounding is considered to be of no use in present times.

3. Is a literate person be called educated and an illiterate person be called uneducated?

Ans: literate person is the one who have all the knowledge of in and around his vicinity and country and possess the capabilities of not just reading and writing but also understanding the current developments in the technology and an illiterate person cannot be called uneducated only because he do not possess the abilities of reading and writing. For example a farmer is not literate but have all the knowledge and education about his farm and he knows that at what point of time the crops should be sown and when should be reaped. Thus he is educated. Therefore education is a wider term.

4. In the current scenario is the emphasis given on education and learning, more than bookish knowledge?

Ans: as we have discussed that introduction of technology in the educational structure has been done to make teaching and learning process easier and understandable. Thus books are a part of transcending education from teachers to students but it is only one medium and education is something beyond books.

5. What are the advantages of education?

Ans: the following are the advantages of education:

• Knowledge is Power.

• Learning is the most powerful tool in the world.

• Getting paid for better jobs

• Having an education will allow you a better chance of getting a job that pays a above minimum wage.

• Formal education

AIMS OF EDUCATION
The education is aimed at preparing students to have an excess to productive labor force, and to preserve the harmony of a civic life. Education should ultimately teach intellectual, spiritual, civic, and moral aspects of life. This will ensure well-rounded and balanced individuals. The following are the listed aims of education:
• To give off not well-read, but learning individuals Finding the hidden self
• Mounting intelligence & furnishing it to compact with realism
• Making certain the complete growth, not definite development
• Fostering HU-MAN ethics and principles
• Providing an ideal blend of Moral Modification and Cerebral growth
• Most prominently, making people THINK

Educators should strive to develop a quality education system that satisfies the needs of the individual and society. Educators should focus full energy and endless efforts to give all children, regardless of their background, an equal opportunity to receive the best education. Students should be given the opportunity to reach their full potential. I think all teachers should be sensitive and responsive to the needs and wants
• AIMS OF EDUCATION : THE PRESENT SCENARIO
Establishment of schools on the lines economic and social background (corporate schools for the rich, English Medium schools for the Middle class families and government schools for the people of lower standards).
• Linear thinking assuming that engineering an medicine courses are the ultimate.
• Disappearance of childhood rote memory replaces joyful learning.
• Exam oriented study.
• Schools have turned into agencies that provide guidance only for exams.
• Commercialization of Education.
• Disparity between aims and methodology.
• Vagueness on expectations and abilities.
• Assumption of confining education to classroom.
• Repulsion towards new methods.
• Lack of coordination between society, school and administration, not catering to the needs of the society.
• Development of passivity.
• No scope for the enrichment of cognitive resources of the child such as questioning, observation, inquisitiveness and expression.
• Diminishing of values, cooperation collaboration patience, self-confidence, discretion and rational thinking.
• Absence of human values, individual values and social values.
• Mechanization of the child’s mind by the current education system.
• Focus only on enrollment.
• No stress on quality education.
• Inequality, lack of freedom, negligence and irresponsibility.
• Inferior training programmes, monotonous teaching training, training institutes and universities far away from the real world and lack of psychological element in education.
• School is just information centre and exam centre.
• Laborious Learning and intolerable schools.
• Dumping of monotonous syllabus into lower levels in the name of curriculum revision.
• Education promoting dependability, not self-confidence.
• Gulf between labour and intelligence.
• Children of the poor engaged in physical work whereas children of the rich capture power and administration.
• Teacher-centered classes and only text books provide true knowledge.
• Satisfying the officials and lack of decision making.
• Disbelief among the teachers, the management and the society.
• Lack of resources and lack of utilizing the resources available.
• Completing the syllabus in time is the ultimate goal.
• No idea of the aims and objectives of present education.
• Lack of awareness of the aims of education.
• The consequences of the present system.
• The role of the school, the teachers and the society.

THE PROPOSED AIMS

• Education should provide foresight and proper guidance.
• Thoughtfulness and independent work with values.
• Concern for the others.
• Learning how to learn and updating what is learnt.
• School should promote social awareness and human relations.
• Teacher as social volunteer.
• Professional and vocational trainings.
• There are already existing seven cardinal principles of education that explains that what we teach in schools but the current education aims at how we teach in schools
• Learn to use the information appropriately and in a proper sense.
• After learning try to develop your own concepts and present it in a innovative way so that what ever is learned is implied practically as well
• Every individual should have the capability to find solution to their problems and be able to analyze them.
• If one is educated and have the abilities to have the best in life then he should also think about the social responsibilities.

STATEMENT OF ETHICAL RISK TO PARTICIPANTS:

Ethical Character: the belief that schools should address issues of “right or wrong” and “moral” concerns. Recently, a national debate has arisen over the teaching of religion in schools and the proper role that schools should play in moral/ethical education. REFERENCES:

1. OPPaoers.com: Research Papers and Essays for All, 2011. Education [online] Available at: https://www.oppapers.com/essays/Education/38288?topic
2. Directessays: get instant access, 2002. The Proper Aims of Education [online] (updated 2011) Available at: https://www.directessays.com/viewpaper/80715.html
3. UNESCO, Education for All Monitoring Report 2008, Net Enrollment Rate in primary educationSchofield, K. (1999). "The Purposes of Education", Queensland State Education: 2010, [Online] URL: www.aspa.asn.au/Papers/eqfinalc.PDF [Accessed 2010, Oct 28]
4. Maha Shuayb and Sharon O’Donnell: National Foundation for Educational Research, University of Cambridge, 2008. The Primary Review, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
[online] Available at: https://www.primaryreview.org.uk/Downloads/Int_Reps/5.Aims-values/Primary_Review_RS_1-2_briefing_Aims_and_values_080118.pdf