" ASSIGNMENT NUMBER 1: keyaspects and legal issues relatedto e-commerceAuthor NameCOURSE: DESIGN AND STRATEGIES FOR E- COMMERCESpringQUESTION 1:Any business including online business follows and adopts to some revenue model which dealswith the all the perspectives of generating revenues. Mainly, the revenue model is meant toclarify information such as what is price of a particular product or service, who will pay andthrough what mean(Mahadevan, 2000).Through this, businesses can define their scope, visionand mission.It is extremely crucial for the companies to get a specified fix revenue model andmeans of its operations in order to thoroughly understand the cash inflow and outflow. There areseveral revenue models that are specifically designed to meet the Hence, the revenue modelswhich are followed by different givenwebsites are discussed below in detail:(a) www.souq.comsouq is a well-known business related website which is known for the selling ofdifferent products. Their business domain deals with multiple products and hence theirportfolio has a huge range of items in it. Different sellers can post there items with allthe details and when the buyer purchase any item, a commission based fee is chargedby souq.com which is mainly based on each item sales value. All the details are givenon the website as well. There are different categories such as personal computers, cellphones, video games etc. which are making most of the online business today andpeople prefer to buy such items online by clarifying the item’s specifications. Hence,souq.com is making a valuable profit using their reliable services of selling andpurchasing and afterwards delivering products. They are also gaining a handsomerevenue amount with their profit oriented model that is leading their business structure. (b) www.bayt.com1 bayt.com provides online recruitment and employment solutions for the employers.This site mainly provides advertising services with which the different employers canpost the jobs which are available worldwide. The earning is based on the fee foradvertisement which is according to the different packages available i.e., JobsLite,Classic, Plus and Premium. These packages provide basic and advance functionalities.Hence, this platform is well known for applying for jobs by sitting at home to differentjob positions globally. Many popular companies such as Emirates, Baker Hughes,Descon etc. hire using this platform. Hence, their revenue generation is commendable. (c) www.ebay.comebay.com is a great platform where sellers sell their different products using onlinetransactions. It is the most popular and years known name for their reliable customersin order to execute the selling and purchasing business. Sellers can either sell usingsimple selling with fixed pricing or can use auction style selling. Hence, the revenuemodel ebay.com uses is by the transaction fees which is paid by the sellers on theireach successful sellingand is based on different type of items. There system is fixed forthe company’s interest ratio for all the selling auctions of clients. Furthermore, theadvertising of different items and products on the website by various renownedcompanies and brands also aid ebay.com to earn a substantial amount of revenue.(d) www.hotmail.comHotmail is a famous website which is widely used by millions and billions of users tosend secure and safe messages and to communicate online by sending and receiving e- mail messages. Hotmail provides free services to users; however, the revenue model ofHotmail is the advertising of different ads on their website. The advertisers pay2 Hotmail in order to acquire email accounts of the registered users so that they can sendtheir messages of any type such as any new offer on any brand, product or any newservice being launched near a particular user etc. all this is possible when the Hotmailservices expose the email account holders to such advertisement companies. (e) www.tripadvisor.comTripAdvisor is one of the world’s largest platform operating in forty eight countries andwhich provides services to the travelers as well as different travel choices are provided tothem including hotel and booking details, accommodation and restaurants etc. therevenue model of TripAdvisor is based mainly on the advertising which again is of twotypes i.e. display advertising and click based advertising. Moreover, subscription revenueis also the earning media of this website i.e. different agencies, restaurants and hotels aswell as booking sites pay TripAdvisor on regular basis for their promotion andadvertisement. Their social media promotions and all the advertising campaigns let themincrease their brand awareness and loyalty. QUESTION 2:One of the emerging business models is the Business to Business to Consumer modelwhich in short is known as B2B2C model.According to this innovativemodel, both thespecifications of the B2B and B2C models are combined and provided in the form ofproduct and service(dodgecommunications, 2016). Three B2B2C e-commerceapplications that are based in the GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) region and the briefdescription of each of the website is given below:(a) http://www.emquest.ae/travel-souq/3 Travel Souq is a website which is meant for online marketing mainly for the MiddleEastern travel products. Travel Souq is based on B2B2C e-commerce application and isbased in Middle East which as indicated is based in the GCC region. The major scopeof Travel Souq is to provide travel related services where different travel professionalscan come and post about different products and also can buy different products. Majorcompanies such as suppliers, car rental companies, travel agencies, hotels and airlinescan take advantage using this platform and can offer their services by saving bothmoney and time. (b) http://www.yellowpages.ae/Yellowpages .ae is a famous website which is known for the services combined in B2Band B2C thus; it offers services according to B2B2C model. This website is mainlymeant for services about the local manufacturers, suppliers, products and businesses.Thus, it act as a search engine to find particular and relevant information about theseservices and products.Thus, in order to get any local information by just searching overthe web, this website is a great option for searching UAE business directory.By thiswebsite, consumers can connect with the businessesoperating locally.Information aboutdifferent products and services such as personal care, healthcare, hotels, auto repair,restaurants etc can also be acquired using this platform. Yellowpagesmainly operates inUAE and offer services in Northern Emirates, Sharjah, Al Ain and Abu Dhabi.(c) http://www.lunatus-me.com/Pharmaceutical companies are majorly known to be the best examples of B2B2C. thisis due to the fact that according to B2B2C model, marketing is made via anyintermediate party such as any other business who provides distribution services to the4 consumer of a particular product, hence, to that end, lunatus is also a Dubai basedcompany which act as a bridge between regional healthcare professionals andinternational health care companies. It also includes pharmacies and hospitals, primaryhealth enters and generalpractitioners in Middle East markets and Arabian Gulf. Thecompany is known for promoting and developing different brands. Moreover, it alsocreates brand equity for various companies. According to the tailored needs of differentregions, lunatusprovides value added operational services and quality marketing whichmakes it an outstanding choice for services in pharmaceutical field.Professionally,lunatus make targeted appointments, make different presentations, organizeconferences, build relationships and manage budget as well. For successful business,lunatus monitor its competitors and maintain relevant knowledge. Afterwards, it alsoreach its annual sales targets and develop market share strategies for new segments andproducts. QUESTION 3:One of the business models is Consumer to Business model i.e. C2B model where mainly theindividuals or consumers offer their quality and professional services to different companies andget paid by them in return(sqa.org.uk, 2009). Three C2B e-commerce applications that are basedin the GCC region and the brief description of each of the website is given below:(a) http://www.freelancewebdesigneruae.com/Freelance WebDesigner is solely a UAE based company which offers their servicesaccording to the consumers to business (C2B) model. The major service as the nameindicates are in the field of web development which is provided at reasonable prices5 worldwide. Different other services are also provided such as search engine optimization,ecommerce solutions and web hosting etc. the website is linked with professionalmembers i.e. developers and web designers for the languages of Flash Photoshop,JavaScript, html/css, ajax, sql xml and .net.(b) https://www.nabbesh.com/en/One of the best examples of Consumer to business model i.e. C2B model is the onlineplatform where companies can buy the services or goods provided by the individualsalthough the intermediate parties are involved. Hence, in this respect, nabbesh is afamous website which provides a platform for independent contractors as well asfreelancers in the UAE region so that unemployment can be cured in the era of onlineinnovation. This website claims to offer services through handpicked freelancers whoare available according to the customized budget of every client. Payment protection isguaranteed as well as the hiring procedure is simple and crystal clear. QUESTION 4: To follow legal and ethical issues is the first and foremost duty of every business which isoffering their services using online platform i.e. internet. Hence, in this scenario, the companieswhich are selling washing machines online are also subjected to follow certain rules and conformto ethical and legal issues. By observing the scenario clearly and by analyzing I have foundcertain issues related to ethical and legal rules.In my opinion, Y is totally accused of the legalissue of CopyRight when it is copying the images of different products and items from the Xwebsite. According to this legal issue, any website involved in ecommerce or/and any other typeof online platform cannot take/copy any data or content from other website without prior6 permission. Thus, violation of such legal issue in this case by the website Y is clearly indicatedwhich should be taken care of by Y. every business on the online internet platform should beaware of the copyright fact and hence, Y can’t be let go of this accusation(Babu, 2011). Moreover, another legal/ethical issue involved in this scenario is the fact that all businessesshould conform to the rules and regulations as described by the government. Thus, both X and Ycompanies should follow the same delivery procedure and standard as per government policiesand no one should charge the customers more than the given amount as per government rules. Ethically, the X website should not also copy the images from Y website since it is not correct tosteal any sort of information despite of then fact that it is aware of the legal laws involved or not.It is their moral duty to not copy any data. Moreover, if the company X is performing good and itis aware of the fact that website Y is not good at delivering products, then ethically it is theresponsibility of the website X that they should charge as per defined rules by the governmentand not minimal fees and minimumdelivery time so that they can run their business moresuccessfully than website Y. Here both the websites should play their role and conform to everyrule and regulation according to legal and ethical issues defined. To clarify the accusations, boththe companies should clear their fines which should be imposed to them by considering legal andethical issues through proper channel. And afterwards both the websites should be tracked inorder to see if anyone subjects to any disobedience of rules related to ethical and legalissues(Nasir, 2004).BibliographyBabu, R. (2011). E-Commerce Ethical and Legal Issues. Retrieved from qburst:http://blog.qburst.com/2011/03/e-commerce-ethical-and-legal-issues/7 dodgecommunications. (2016). B2B2C perspective: Keeping the consumer top of mind in marketing.Retrieved from dodgecommunications: http://www.dodgecommunications.com/blog/b2b2c- perspective-keeping-the-consumer-top-of-mind-in-marketingMahadevan, B. (2000). Business models for Internet-based e-commerce: An anatomy. Californiamanagement review, 42(4), 55-69.Nasir, M. A. (2004). Legal issues involved in e-commerce. . Ubiquity, 2-2.sqa.org.uk. (2009). Customer to Business (C2B). Retrieved from sqa.org.uk: http://www.sqa.org.uk/e- learning/ECIntro01CD/page_05.htm8 "