" PROJECT MANAGEMENT Table of Contents1. Project Charter ................................................................................................................................... 22. WBS (Work Break down Structure) ................................................................................................. 43. Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS) ................................................................................... 74. Responsibility Assignment Matrix .................................................................................................... 95. Gantt chart ........................................................................................................................................ 106. Cost Breakdown Structure ............................................................................................................... 147. Temporal Representation ................................................................................................................. 17Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................. 18References .............................................................................................................................................. 19 1. Project Chartera. Project PurposeThe LFC Engineering services industry was started in 2001 and located in northern Italy.The LFC focuses on the technical designing, modelling and engineering services intransportation, automotive and their off-road applications. The LFC industry provides the aircraftsimulators by using hardware modules with the help of so many partners, customers andsuppliers. The domestic aircraft simulator products of their own has been developed bythemselves. The LFC has easy and simple organizational structure. There were ten peopleworking. Among them, seven are technicians, two are administrative and one is GM as well asshareholder. Due to improper project management plan, few problems have been raised. Thus themain purpose of this project is developing an efficient project management plan for constructinga military flight simulator project with improved operations and high quality outputs. Theplanning should be scheduled and completed within the target time and costeffective(Greycampus.com, 2017).b. Project Scope? Project ObjectivesAs the organizational structure of LFC is so simple, the resource optimization is essentialfor successful project plan. The key responsibilities of each resources are need to be analysed.The resources are listed below:1. Program Manager (PM) - Responsible for defining budget.2. Head of Technical Office (RT) - Responsible for designing, providingmanufacturing solutions and allocating appropriate resources.3. Project Leader (PL) - Responsible for scheduling, controlling, providing technicalsolutions and operational management.4. CAE analyst/CAD designer - Responsible for design and analysis process The main objective of the project is scheduling and managing the resources to finish thetasks within the completion time. If the tasks are allocated as repeating or collaborating witheach other, it will affect the project completion time and cost.? DeliverablesThere was no delay in final assembly of the panel parts together preparing for delivery. Itleads to ready for hardware configuration and software installation. So it is easy to supply theproduct within the delivery date agreed by the client. While handling the risk managementactivities, each tasks will be completed within the exact due date. ? MilestonesThe future milestones are based on the activities involved in this project. Each and everyweek, a meeting was conducted to discuss the status of project working progress. So, it helps tocomplete the project within the expected timeline efficiently(Pma.doit.wisc.edu, 2017).? Technical RequirementsNowadays, there are more project management tools available to prepare project plan. Inmany organizations, these kinds of project management tools are used to perform variousoperations. To find the collaboration among the resources, the MS Project is used.? Limits & Exclusions In this project management plan, there is one resource is allocated to perform one task.Not more than one task is performed by a single resource. After unexpected changes are made inthis project, the main objective should be remain same. Any changes in the project objective willnot be allowed to avoid conflicts.? Customer ReviewsThe tasks involved in project plan are arranged in the sequential manner and there is noresource conflict. For all tasks, the available resources are scheduled appropriately. Whilescheduling this project, there is no critical path problem.c. Benefits When the project management is done right, then the organization gains more benefit andthey are listed below.? Efficient project management plan brings better delivering services.? When the project is completed within the time and budget, the customer satisfaction willbe improved.? The quality of the product never be compromised. So, the quality is improved efficiently.? When the quality and better management increase, the productivity also increased.d. Benefits deployed in this projectA project management plan, fit the sizes and complexity of the project, is important,because it enables managers to guide any project from point “A” to point “B” in a most costeffective and efficient way. In this project, MS project is used to schedule the project efficiently.So the project plans are scheduled for more efficiency by using MS project.2. WBS (Work Break down Structure)a. Purpose of the WBSThe Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is useful to plan the project tasks as efficiently.This is more useful for project manager to plan the project tasks as efficient. The complicatedtasks are identified by this Work Breakdown Structure as in the beginning stage of the project.Also the WBS can provide the knowledge to split the complicated tasks to more simple tasks.The project can be divided by the time limited activities. These activities are assigned with fixedtime periods and costs. If the work break down structure is finished, then the stakeholder needsalso fulfilled. The project management is planned by scheduling the tasks as per the fixed costsand functional completeness of the project and assigning the responsibilities for all resources.Thus the Work break down structure helps to plan consistently to provide an effective projectplan execution.The main purpose of a Work Break Down structure is reducing the more complexactivities into a collection of tasks. These tasks are more effective than complex activities andthey should be measurable and independent each other. In the entire project work, one of the tasks should be included. WBS helps to calculate the cost of each task. So WBS does not allowthe total project cost exceeds the budget. The tasks are listed below(LU and SHEN, 2010).Project Plan1. Project Documentation1.1 Preparation of Documents, Drawings and feasibility studies2. System Design2.1 Electronic Board Design2.2 PCB Design3. Models and Simulation 4. Production4.1 Assembly of Panels4.2 Link all electrical connections5. Installation5.1 Software Installation on the board5.2 Firmware installation and configuration6. Documentation6.1 Preparing manual 6.2 Preparing CDR and FAT7. Testing7.1 Testing software and documentationWBS (Work Break down Structure) Fig. 1 Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)b. Benefits of the WBS (Work Breakdown Structure)In the project planning process, the GM was communicated with Ludovico for resourceallocation and cost estimation (200 hours) based on the client’s approval. So, Ludovico hasstarted to plan the entire activities with particular tasks and durations. The plan should ensure thetasks need to be completed before final delivery date which is agreed by the client and GM. Theduration is 10 weeks. The tasks are divided based on the design, production and documentation phases. Before producing the CDR, it is necessary to complete the tasks such as documentation,drawings and feasibility studies as per the requirement specification. So the Work Break Downstructure provides a neat procedure to do each tasks within the exact due date as soon as possible.In documentation, the data collection from the 3D models is prepared. Then these data will betransferred into an electronic file along with all necessary requirements specifications such asquantity, number, assembly level and material. In project management, customer satisfaction isimportant. Project delay reduce the customer’s expectation and it will leads to losing people’strust. Thus the Work Break Down structure is needed to complete project within the due dateefficiently(Workbreakdownstructure.com, 2017).3. Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS)The main purpose of the Organizational Breakdown Structure is focusing onestablishment of the most efficientorganization, by taking into consideration availability andcapability of management andtechnical staff including subcontractors, to achieve projectobjectives.The LFC industry contains a simple and flexible organizational structure. There were tenpeople working in the company. Among ten, seven people are technicians, two people areadministrative personnel and the remaining one person is GM as well as shareholder. The GM ofthe company encouraged the project management structure based on his operational logic. Ithelps this small company to become more successful firm with efficient suppliers and customers.Resource optimization is playing an important role in industry. The key responsibilities of allresources are given below(Project-management-knowledge.com, 2017).1. Program Manager (PM)In LFC industry, Franco is a program manager and he is the responsible person forproject completion. The budget of the project including effort and procurement costs are definedby him. He has the responsibility to allocate appropriate macro-deviations from planning. TheGM of the company directly monitors and manages this project planning process.2. Project Leader (PL) In LFC, Ludovico is the in-charge for operational management of each individualprojects. He schedules all projects without any collision. These project plans are controlled byLudovico and he is also monitoring the milestones of the project plan. This planning processincludes technical reviews. The project plan also consists of designing and productionmanagement process. For these two tasks, technical solutions will be approved by technicaloffice.3. Head of Technical Office (RT)In LFC Company, Poldo is the Head of Technical Officer. The technical solutions will begiven for design and manufacturing process by technical officer. He is the responsible person toallocate the resources for current JOBs to complete the project within the due date.4. CAE Analyst/ CAD DesignerThe project planning consists of various tasks such as requirement gathering, analysis,designing, and implementation and so on. The design and analysis and document editing aremanaged by Fernando, Marco and coworkers. These process can be established with severalprocedures.GMCAD designerHead of TechnicalProject LeaderProgram Manager/ CAE analystofficerFig 2. Organizational Breakdown StructureIn project management it is necessary to do projects efficiently including costeffectiveness and time duration to complete the project. So all the working employees areresponsible to help LFC to meet the requirement with efficiency parameters. Delivering the product material within the exact due date will leads to a positive ratio between actual andplanned effort.In project budget management, maintain personnel costs are the most relevantexpense. Though the Program Manager (PM) has the formal responsibility for the project andbudget allocation, still he is not more detached from the operations. When comparing to theProject Leader (PL), the Program Manager (PM) is not much more connected with projectoperations and its daily status. But Program Manager (PM) monitors and prioritize each budgethours of the project based on the Project Leader.4. Responsibility Assignment MatrixFunction General Project Client Head of CADManager Leader (PL) technical Designer (GM) Office (RT)Complete Diagrams, C RA IFeasibility Study and3D ModelsConfiguration of I RA Electric BoardDocument for Test I C RAProcedureSpecificationPurchase I RA Components andPCBPreparing User I C I RA RAMaintenance ManualDeal with Suppliers I RA (Purchase andAssembled theMaterial) Assemble of Panels I RA and Link allElectricalConnectionsFirmware and I RA Software InstallationTesting I RA IWeekly Coordination R AA meetingTable 1. Responsibility Assignment MatrixThe above table is the responsibility assignment matrix. In the above table, the letter 'R' isdenotes the 'Responsible'. This responsible denotes the person who complete the task. 'A'represents the 'Accountable' and it denotes the person who is answerable for the completion ofthe task. 'C' denotes the consulted and it represents the person whose have the knowledge toprovide the suggestion for technical task. 'I' denotes the word 'informed'. It represents the personwho maintains and guides the overall project(Doglione, 2017).5. Gantt chartThe Gantt chart provides the clear view of all the tasks that involved in this project andthe duration of each task. This Gantt chart provides the date that the project will complete. TheGantt chart displays the duration of each task. So, the project manager clearly identifies whichtasks are completed and which tasks will need to complete. The below table provides the tasks ofthis project and duration of each task. Also the table has the information of resources thatcomplete the particular task(Me.umn.edu, 2017).TaskTask Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors Resource NamesModeAuto Project Plan 51 days Mon MonScheduled 1/12/09 3/23/09 CompleteCADAuto Diagrams, Mon Fri40 hrs Designer,ProjectScheduled Feasibility Study 1/12/09 1/16/09 Leaderand 3D ModelsCAD Designer,CANAutoConfiguration Mon Thu Electronic26 hrs 2Scheduled of Electric Board 1/19/09 1/22/09 Board[1],ProjectLeader Document for CADAuto Thu ThuTest Procedure 120 hrs 3 Designer,ProjectScheduled 1/22/09 2/12/09Specification Leader PurchaseAuto Thu FriComponents and 10 hrs 3,4 CAD DesignerScheduled 2/12/09 2/13/09PCB Preparing UserAuto Fri Tue CAD Designer,HeadMaintenance 14 hrs 5Scheduled 2/13/09 2/17/09 of Technical OfficeManual Deal withSuppliersAuto Tue Tue(Purchase and 122 hrs 6 Project LeaderScheduled 2/17/09 3/10/09Assembled theMaterial)CAD Designer,DzusScrews and Assemble ofBolts[1],ExternalAuto Panels and Link Tue Tue40 hrs 7 consultant for PanelScheduled all Electrical 3/10/09 3/17/09Mounting[1],HarnessConnectionsand Wiring[1],MetalBox[1],Painting and SurfaceTreatment[1],Platesand Supports[1] Firmware and Packaging andAuto Tue ThuSoftware 20 hrs 8 DeliveryScheduled 3/17/09 3/19/09Installation Costs[1],TechniciansAuto Fri Mon Testing 16 hrs 9 Project LeaderScheduled 3/20/09 3/23/09Table 2. Task Table in MS Project The scheduling of tasks and Gantt chart are developed by using the MS Project software.It is a project management tool to estimate the duration and overall budget of the project atbeginning. The below screenshot shows the task table in MS Project.Fig 3. Gantt chart with Task TableThe Gantt chart for the above tasks and duration is showed in below. The MS Projectsoftware is used to draw the chart automatically by providing the tasks in thetable(www.calstatela.edu, 2017). Fig 4. Gantt chartThe above Gantt chart displays the duration of the task with the resource name on eachtask. The resource table is showed in below. The table contains the human resources and non- human resources(www.calstatela.edu, 2017). Material Max.Resource Name Type Initials Group Std. Rate Ovt. RateLabel UnitsProject Leader Work P 100% 50.00 €/hr 55.00 €/hr CAD Designer Work C 100% 50.00 €/hr 55.00 €/hr Head of TechnicalWork H 100% 50.00 €/hr 55.00 €/hrOfficeTechnicians Work T 100% 50.00 €/hr 55.00 €/hr CAN ElectronicMaterial C 500.00 €BoardMetal Box Material M 300.00 € Plates and Material P 100.00 €SupportsHarness andMaterial H 200.00 €WiringDzus Screws andMaterial D 200.00 €BoltsExternalconsultant for Material E 300.00 € Panel MountingPainting andMaterial P 50.00 €Surface TreatmentPackaging andMaterial P 100.00 €Delivery CostsTable 3. Resource Table6. Cost Breakdown StructureIn this military flight simulator construction project, the cost related activities are asfollows:? Complete Diagrams, Feasibility Study and 3D Models? Configuration of Electric Board? Document for Test Procedure Specification? Purchase Components and PCB? Preparing User Maintenance Manual? Deal with Suppliers? Assemble of Panels and Link all Electrical Connections? Firmware and Software Installation? Testing The above activities have both the usage of human resources and non-human resources.For human resources, the cost is calculated by an hours worked by the resources. The estimatedamount for all human resource as 50 € per one hour. The required material amount alsocalculated with the above activities(projectmanagement.com, 2017).CBSComplete theDocumentatio UserBoard AssemblingTestingDiagramsn ManualConfiguration Process Deal withPurchasingInstallationSuppliersFig. 5 Cost Breakdown StructureThe cost related activities are also showed in below table with the required resources andcost estimation. By using the MS Project, the cost of all activities are calculated automatically atthe time of resource allocation.TaskTask Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors Resource Names CostModeAuto Mon Mon 32,150.00Project Plan 51 daysScheduled 1/12/09 3/23/09 € Complete CADAuto Mon Fri 4,000.00Diagrams, 40 hrs Designer,ProjectScheduled 1/12/09 1/16/09€Feasibility Leader Study and 3DModels CAD Designer,CANAuto Configuration Mon Thu Electronic 3,100.0026 hrs 2Scheduled of Electric 1/19/09 1/22/09 Board[1],Project €Board Leader DocumentCADAuto for Test Thu Thu 12,000.00120 hrs 3 Designer,ProjectScheduled Procedure 1/22/09 2/12/09 €LeaderSpecification PurchaseAuto Thu FriComponents 10 hrs 3,4 CAD Designer 500.00 €Scheduled 2/12/09 2/13/09and PCB PreparingAuto User Fri Tue CAD Designer,Head 1,400.0014 hrs 5Scheduled Maintenance 2/13/09 2/17/09 of Technical Office €Manual Deal withSuppliersAuto Tue Tue 6,100.00(Purchase and 122 hrs 6 Project LeaderScheduled 2/17/09 3/10/09 €Assembledthe Material)CAD Designer,DzusScrews and Assemble ofBolts[1],ExternalPanels andAuto Tue Tue consultant for Panel 3,150.00Link all 40 hrs 7Scheduled 3/10/09 3/17/09 Mounting[1],Harness €Electricaland Wiring[1],MetalConnectionsBox[1],Painting andSurface Treatment[1],Platesand Supports[1] Firmware Packaging andAuto Tue Thu 1,100.00and Software 20 hrs 8 DeliveryScheduled 3/17/09 3/19/09 €Installation Costs[1],TechniciansAuto Fri Mon Testing 16 hrs 9 Project Leader 800.00 €Scheduled 3/20/09 3/23/09Table 4. Resource with Cost Estimation TableIn the column “Resource Names”, the resources are added that related to the tasks. Thecost is estimated by the duration of each task. This cost estimation process in every project isuseful for estimate the overall budget in the beginning of the project. 7. Temporal RepresentationFrom the CBS structure, the project manager and the client knows the overall budget ofthe project at the beginning. At each stage of the project, the budget is compare with thescheduled budget. Always the actual value is compared with the planned value of the project.This actual value will vary sometimes from the planned value. In this project, the actual valuecannot be calculated. Because, no one task still not completed as per the allocation of each task.The below graph shows the relationship between duration and cost of this project. Cost 14,000.00€ 12,000.00€ 10,000.00€ 8,000.00€ 6,000.00€ 4,000.00€ 2,000.00€ 0.00€ 40 hrs 26 hrs 120 hrs 10 hrs 14 hrs 122 hrs 40 hrs 20 hrs 16 hrs Fig 6. GraphThe cost is not only varied by the duration of each task but also it varied according to theallocation of resources for each task. For example in CBS diagram, the task “AssemblingProcess” have some non-human resources and the cost is calculated for non-human resourcesalso. The task “installation” also have some non-human resources.ConclusionThe review on the given case "Replicated Panels for a Flight Simulator: A Case ofProject Management" is done. The first task was 'Project Charter'. The main purpose, benefits,how it was deployed in this project are analyzed. There are six project management elementssuch as project objectives, deliverables, milestone, technical requirements, limits and exclusions,and customer reviews. For given case, each elements are found and submitted. The study aboutWork Breakdown Structure (WBS) is done based on the essay provided. The study aboutOrganizational Breakdown Structure (OBS) is finished and analyzed its main purpose andbenefits. The family tree structure for company is drawn by using the roles that related to project.The study about 'Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)', its main purposes and benefits areanalyzed and completed based on the responsible, Accountable. Consulted and informed. Then the RAM diagram is completed. The tasks involved in this case are analyzed and the timeduration to complete entire task is given. The Gantt chart is drawn and explained based on thedependencies. The Cost Breakdown Structure (CBS) is drawn based on the identity of all costrelated activities in case. For all activities, the cost is assigned. The CBS is shown as a singlediagram. The main purpose and benefits about Cost Breakdown structure is studied. Thetemporal representation of the project cost is given based on the CBS data usage, showingaccumulated budget and equating to planned value (PV). The own graph is drawn based on thegiven essay. Thus the given case study is analyzed and answers provided.ReferencesDoglione, C. (2017). Understanding Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RACI Matrix). [online]Project-Management.com. Available at: https://project-management.com/understanding- responsibility-assignment-matrix-raci-matrix/ [Accessed 21 Mar. 2017].Greycampus.com. (2017). Project Charter | Project Management Professional (PMP). [online]Available at: http://www.greycampus.com/opencampus/project-management- professional/project-charter [Accessed 21 Mar. 2017].LU, R. and SHEN, W. (2010). Design on assembled real-time management system forengineering flight simulator. Journal of Computer Applications, 29(12), pp.3388-3390.Me.umn.edu. (2017). Gantt Chart. [online] Available at:http://www.me.umn.edu/courses/me4054/assignments/wbsgantt.html [Accessed 21 Mar. 2017].OpenLearn. (2017). Managing virtual project teams. [online] Available at:http://www.open.edu/openlearn/money-management/management/managing-virtual-project- teams/content-section-1.2 [Accessed 21 Mar. 2017].Pma.doit.wisc.edu. (2017). PMA - Develop High-Level Milestones and Timeline. [online]Available at: https://pma.doit.wisc.edu/initiate/4/print.html [Accessed 21 Mar. 2017].projectmanagement.com. (2017). The Cost Breakdown Structure Project Management. [online]Available at: http://2020projectmanagement.com/2013/10/the-cost-breakdown-structure-cbs/[Accessed 21 Mar. 2017]. Project-management-knowledge.com. (2017). Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS) -Project Management Knowledge. [online] Available at: http://project-management- knowledge.com/definitions/o/organizational-breakdown-structure-obs/ [Accessed 21 Mar. 2017].Workbreakdownstructure.com. (2017). What is a Work Breakdown Structure -Workbreakdownstructure.com. [online] Available at: http://www.workbreakdownstructure.com/[Accessed 21 Mar. 2017].www.calstatela.edu. (2017). Microsoft Project 2013. [online] Available at:https://www.calstatela.edu/sites/default/files/groups/Information%20Technology%20Services/tra ining/pdf/project2013.pdf [Accessed 21 Mar. 2017]. "