"India, Kenya, Lebanon and Sweden. It made use of focus-group discussions withthe aged and primary healthcare providers. This was done to take account ofincidences of abuse as recognized by the victims themselves and by health careworkers. In fact, the broader aim of this program was to sensitize primary healthcare professionals about the rapidly rising issue of elder abuse and enable them toidentify signs of such abuse.Recognition of abuse was a serious problem that was observed by facilitators offocus group discussions. In India, even though physical abuse was reported to bevirtually absent, the participants despite being sufferers of emotional abuse andneglect, did not want to categorize acts of mistreatment as being „abusive?. InCanada too, parents tried to defend their children as perpetrators of financial abuseby saying, “he must have needed the money.” A majority of the intervieweesirrespective of the target country blamed media for propagating western cultureand changing social values and also for insufficient government funding to meetbasic necessities, which has eventually pressurized their families to a great extent. As per one study on Pune, around 47 percent of elderly women were abused and40 percent suffered neglect by their family members (Bambawale, 1997). Anotherstudy on Chennai found that the rate of elderly abuse was 14 percent(Chokkanathan and Lee, 2006). In Delhi, out of 384elders, 31 percent sufferedmild physical abuse and 6 percent suffered moderate physical abuse (Khan andHanda, 2006). Mahajan, 1987, found that 70 percent elders were abandoned and 68percent felt humiliated by the family members in Haryana.A situation analysis of the elderly in India (June 2011) by Central Statistics Office,Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation, Government of India foundthat 7.4% of total population in 2001 was the elderly population of age 60 years orabove in which 7.1% and 7.8% were the males and females respectively. The sizeand share of elderly population is rising over time. However, there are differencesin the situations of elder males and females like less than 20% of elderly womenwere economically independent. Similar contrasts are found in rural and urbanareas, for example, the prevalence of heart diseases and other disabilities amongelderly population was very high in urban areas than in rural areas. Also, the32 workforce participation of both males (66%) and females (19%) is higher in ruralareas than in urban areas which is (39%) for males and (7%) for females.Another report by TNS India for Help-Age India (May 2008) on urban elderlypeople, conducted in four metros - Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata and Mumbai, and fournon-metros Lucknow, Vijayawada, Bhubaneswar, and Ahmedabad among 2019elderly (60+years) people (1001 males and 1018 females) by using clustersampling and quantitative techniques for data collection (including semi-structuredinterviews with open-ended questions)found that despite of widespread healthissues in Delhi, it has large number of elderly (86%) who are taken care by theirchildren during illness.Similarly, a report on „elder abuse and crime in India? (May 2011) by HelpAgeIndia covered the elderly in the age group of 60+ years across 9 cities viz. DelhiNCR, Mumbai, Ahmadabad, Kolkata, Bhopal, Chennai, Patna, Hyderabad andBangalore with a sample size of 100 per city. The study found that Delhi NCR hadthe lowest percentage of elders engaged in any economic activity but the highestpercentage (41%) of elders having their own property. The incidence of verbalabuse and emotional abuse is higher in Delhi NCR, majorly done by daughter-in- law.A cross sectional study from West Delhi district ofDelhi state in India reveal thatmore than 16 percent of elders were majorly abused by their son and daughter inlaw due to property related issue, healthcare and basic amenities, dependency,household related problems. Also the study found out that more than half of theelderly health status is in poor or very poor condition in West Delhi. In West Delhithe main causes of health problem among elderly were due to arthritis,hypertension, not getting proper medical treatment etc. (Patel, 2013)33 CHAPTER 3EXECUTION OF THE STUDY3.1 AGENDAOn the basis of above studies, following questions crop up in our minds: ? Are children truly the support of their parents? If no, how are they treatingelderly?? What kind of mistreatment is being done to the elderly?? Are the situations different in rural and urban areas of elderly abuse?? Will government implement any law to protect the violence on elderly?3.2 FORMATION OF HYPOTHESISNull hypothesis:-There is no difference in prevalence of elder abuse in both rural and urban areas ofDelhiAlternative hypothesis:-There is a significant difference in the prevalence of elder abuse in both rural andurban areas of Delhi3.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDYThe broad objectives for the study in context of rural and urban elderly are:-? elderly abuse experience, causes, contexts in which it happens and who arethe abusers? Whether women are more abused than males? To find elder abuse as a health issue and an issue of concern? Identify existing health and social services and community support inrelation to violence and abuse & reasons to why people do not approach help? Identify the gaps, the needs and views for future responses to abuse, care andprevention.34 The present study is an attempt in this direction to analyse the above issues.Thispaper examines these issues as well as the prevalence of elder abuse for theavailable data. Also some strategies are suggested to meet the problem.Recommendations will be made for greater role of NGOs in combatting the issue.3.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY(a) RESEARCH TOOLS: ? The data has been collected using questionnaires and structured interviewsamong elderly men and women. The target group comprised the elderly inthe age group of 60 and above. Many of the elders were assisted in filling upthe questionnaires and a convenient medium of language was used as per therequirement. ? Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software and Microsoft exceltools has been used to process the data. ? The analyzed data is presented in the form of bar graphs and pie charts withinterpretations. ? Personal interviews were also undertaken to understand the depth of theissue and the same are presented in the form of case studies below. 2 casestudies have been taken from both rural and urban areas respectively.? In addition, the role of media has been discussed with few examples ofmovies in order to stress upon the intensity of the problem.(b) SAMPLE DESIGN:? In order to make rural-urban comparison in Delhi, we divided the city insome urban and rural areas as per our convenience into the below mentionednon-overlapping small clusters (localities). ? We covered the following localities under urban and rural areas respectively.From each locality we selected 7 elderly people, thereby constituting apopulation size of 112 (i.e. 16 localities multiplied by 7 elders).URBAN AREAS1. Kohat2. Surajmal vihar35 "