" just to mention a few. While in some of these countries like Japan there lacked natural resourcebase, high education platform had fostered rapid economic growth through innovations.In a bid to emulate the developed world, the newly independent developing countries sought toimport educational models from the developed countries which they deemed appropriate topropel them from developing to developed status in as few years as would be possible. Theseyoung nations believed they had only to westernize their educational systems, modernize theirsocieties and become industrialized and rich.The national financial budgets had thus educational policies more dominant in funds allocationsand strategies since economic stagnation was deemed to be the result of a scarcity of skills.Results of Initial effortsHuge investments in education by the developing world did not yield much. Rather, newproblems have developed which currently makes realization of initial goals an uphill task. Theseproblems include among others- Decline of quality at the expense of quantity.In this case, the efforts to make education asmuch accessible by as many people as possible has led to other constraints like limitedfacilities such as teachers, schools and other incentives leading to low quality education.- Wastage in the form of dropouts, repeaters and failures. This is a direct result of limitedresources that have reduced attention of teachers to pupils at the individual level. This has ledto poor delivery that is the cause of decreased interest on the part of pupils hence manyfailures and subsequently many dropouts. This is wastage in resources put for that purpose.- Educated unemployment.This has resulted from imbalance in planning i.e. put so muchemphasis on educational goals and not focusing on where the educated masses will beabsorbed i.e. other sectors of the economy. - 4 - - Large inequalities in educational opportunities between different social income groups, urbanand rural areas, between gender and between ethnic groups.While every problem may have a solution, the solution of one problem brings a new series ofchallenges. For instance, the most primitive inhabitants of African continent did not know thevalue of education until this was instilled in them by their colonial masters. When they embracedit in their large numbers, there was the new challenge of providing the necessary resources i.e.building schools and training teachers. When these are met and many get education, there isanother new challenge i.e. in providing employment to the trained personnel and so on.While it was initially thought that provision of education would bring equity in opportunity, thishas not been so, rather, due to decline in quality, the well to do have shifted focus from publicschools to educating their children in private, expensive but high quality educational centres thatordinary citizens cannot afford. This has again brought about the pre-existing social disparities.To give everybody their right to basic education is today not enough. Instead, it is provision ofrelevant education that matters.Currently, there are so many educated persons but cannot fit in their communities since theirkind of training is irrelevant to their community needs.Despite exponential growth in budget allocations to the educational sector. Little remains to beseen of the expected results. There persists: - chronic poverty, economic disparities between therich and poor, increased income gaps, unemployment and underemployment and increasededucated unemployment. - 5 - Education Planning: Post Independence KenyaPlanning Planning is the rational means for projecting and assessing resources and objectives. It is aprocess of directing attention to the preparation of future activities for an organization (G.ABannaars et al, 1994). A plan is a method or procedure for doing something. It is a design,scheme or intention of performing a task. It entails designing a schedule or a sequence of anactivity or a project paying attention to the methodology of achievement of a certain goal in agiven timeline.Planning of any kind is of importance as it- reduces risk- reduce uncertainty- supports better decision making- establishes trust- conveys better information about a particular project Planning is of two dimensions i.e.1) Long-term/ strategic Planning – this provides projection for the future. A period of not lessthan 20 years. The objectives are formulated in general terms. These development plans areconstantly reviewed to determine their applicability.2) Short term Planning – these are projections of a span of at least one year and normallydepends on the prevailing conditions and how the operations are conducted. - 6 -"