"DISSERTATIONABSTRACTThe present study focuses on the need of mandatory Quotas for real gender parity. Sincethe past, there are enormous efforts made to create the equal opportunity for the women to growin businesses. Many of the countries have already established a policy to reserve particularposition in government and listed company reserve for the women. There is both positive andnegative view for the utilization of the Quotas due to which research is conducted on the topic.Some of the people said that it creates the opportunity for the women thus help them to grow inthe corporate sector. Descriptive research design has been undertaken where the primary focus ison describing the topic chosen. Data has been collected from the secondary sources where books,journals, and online articles have been considered. The deductive approach has been undertaken,and interpretivism philosophy has been applied. From the above carried out research, it can be concluded that promoting and maintaininggender equality is one of the key issues which organizations face in the present scenario. Overthe past few years, an issue such as gender equality within businesses has increased at a rapidpace and has affected the overall business activities and operations.By above carried out report,some recommendations are provided to organizations which involves companies shouldeliminate the quota system which they are using to promote women on board, at the time ofproviding training and development program also, companies should ensure the promotion ofgender equalities etc.Table of ContentsCHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 11.1 Background of the study ....................................................................................................... 11.2 Statement of research problem .............................................................................................. 11.3 Aims and objectives .............................................................................................................. 21.4 Scope of the Study ................................................................................................................ 31.5 Significance of the Study ...................................................................................................... 31.6 Limitation of the Study ......................................................................................................... 31.7 Synopsis of Literature review ............................................................................................... 41.8 Research methodology .......................................................................................................... 4CHAPTER 2- LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................ 52.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 52.2 Uses of Quotas work for the purpose of gender Equality ..................................................... 52.2 Pros and cons for Quotas for women on board ..................................................................... 62.3 Should the EU implement gender quotas? ............................................................................ 72.4 Debate on the use of the gender quotas ................................................................................ 72.5 Debate on gender Quotes in context ..................................................................................... 82.6 Is Gender Quotas necessary evil for the business ................................................................. 92.7 Scope of Gender Quotas ..................................................................................................... 102.10 Quota for women on board and principle of gender equality ........................................... 12CHAPTER 3- METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................ 143.1Research methodology ......................................................................................................... 143.2 Research approach .............................................................................................................. 143.3 Research philosophy ........................................................................................................... 143.4 Research design .................................................................................................................. 153.5 Data collection .................................................................................................................... 15 3.6 Data analysis ....................................................................................................................... 163.7 Research limitations ............................................................................................................ 17CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS ............................................................................................... 184.1 Thematic Analysis .............................................................................................................. 18CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION .................................................... 235.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 235.2 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 235.3 Recommendations ............................................................................................................... 25REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 27 CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION1.1 Background of the studyThe topic of the research is the need of mandatory Quotas for real gender parity. Sincethe past, there are enormous efforts made to create the equal opportunity for the women to growin businesses. Many of the countries have already established a policy to reserve particularposition in government and listed company reserve for the women. The requirement of theQuotas arises as in many of the countries the women were provided equal opportunity to growtheir career and were restricted in some area (Dezso, Ross and Uribe, 2016). The requirement ofthe Quotas arose as there are many of the areas where the women can decide due to the betterunderstanding of the topic. Some of the people were against the Quotas as they find that it doesn’t lead to selectionby merit and due to it many of the positions were left vacant. It was identified that these Quotashelps in the development of the basic structure which creates opportunity for the women. Atpresent many of the countries have established legislature to reserve particular portion of theposition for females. Many of the people found it against the principle of equal opportunity andhad a belief that women are not defined area due to lack of their interest. Some of the peopleagreed with the fact that women at the top position motivate the other which leads to increase inthe ratio (Piscopo, 2016). Therefore the need arises to identify the necessity of mandatory Quotesto create gender parity.In the European Union mandatory quotas have been considered for the women and this isdirectly for their benefit. Apart from this, in country like UK quotas have been developed for thewelfare of women so that they can be delivered better opportunities for growth in the form ofpromotion and right place where they can easily work as per their real expectations. Apart fromthis, the quota system is work for the development of the society where more effectiveopportunities are present with the women so thatthey can work efficiently. 1.2 Statement of research problem The present research is conducted to analyze that whether the use of the Quotas is leadingto the development of the organizations or is acting as an Evil. There is both positive andnegative view for the utilization of the Quotas due to which research is conducted on the topic.Some of the people said that it creates the opportunity for the women thus help them to grow inthe corporate sector. Also, it helps in making an effective decision in many of the areas which is1 not consider by males or are provided less necessary. Also, many of the people argued that itcreate discrimination as the decision is made by gender by ignoring the merit criteria (Lang et al.2016). Also, it leads to lack of the cooperation and is many of the times consider different fromthose who were selected from the standard process. So the problem is discussed in the researchthat whether the Quotas should be included to promote the gender equity or the effort needs to bemade to provide facility to grow.1.3 Aims and objectivesAimThe aim of the research is to identify that is their necessity of the quotas to promotegender equity within the company. For this, the detailed research has been conducted as differentpeople have the different view over the topic. Some of the people find it good as it providesequal opportunity for them to grow and contribute to the development of the organization. Fewof the people disagree with the quotas as they find that it leads to discrimination as the selectionis made by gender, not by the equity. The focus is of the study is to identify the result obtainedby bringing the quotas and the role they play in the development of the companyObjectivesThe research is conducted after considering few of the objectives which are as follows• To identify that the use of the quotas are creating opportunity for the women and providethe structure which increases their contribution within the businesses • Whether it is against the principle of equal opportunity as it leads to selection by gender,not by the merit• The benefit which will arise by increasing the quotas for the women in the organizationsResearch questionThe research Question is the essential part as it provides the path over which the researcherneeds to consider during the research. The few of the question over which the concentration ismade during the study are as follows-• Question 1: Is there need for the quotas to provide opportunity for the women to grow incorporate sector• Question 2: What is the benefit of the quotas and the extent to which is to be used topromote equity within the industries 2 1.4 Scope of the Study The researcher will provide the information about the effect which the quotas create toprovide an opportunity for the women to grow. It will help in identifying that whether thewomen are making practical use of the facility or it is providing the benefit to the defined groupof people. Also, the research will identify that the utilization of the quotas doesn’t create thenegative effect as they find that they are discriminated at the time of selection. The researchprovides the information that whether the women are motivated through the use of the Quotas.Also, it will help in identifying the contribution it makes for the development of the society.1.5 Significance of the Study The research is significant to enhance equity in the society and provide equal opportunityto all to grow in the community. The study over the topic will create an understanding of theeffect of the Quotas to build opportunity for the women which will increase their involvement inthe critical decision of the society. It also will create understanding why few of the people haveopposed against the quotas and the alternative way they suggest the issue. The research will help the society to plan accordingly in the future to attain the targetedgrowth. The research will also assist in making the practical use of the skill of the women whichthey fail to apply due to certain factor and address the required changes which will increase theirinvolvement in the society. The research will assist in extracting the data which will help ineffectively analyzing the result. Also, it increases awareness among the community which willhelp the women in uplifting their career. Also, the study of the topic will create understandingover the issue and identify the alternative way through which women can be uplifted in thesociety. 1.6 Limitation of the StudyThe researcher can face particular limitation which can create difficulty in extracting therequired result efficiently. The few of the limitation are as follows-The major issue during the research could be of time as the researcher has to research within thelimited time frame failure to which can create trouble in the obtaining the outcome of the study.Also, the limitation of the time during the research creates restriction over the detail withinwhich research would be conducted.The other limitation which may create impact over the outcome of the study is of theadequate responses which are required during the research, and that cannot be entertained by the3 population. It may create impact over the data as the researcher needs accurate information fordeciding the issue. So the researcher should give adequate consideration at the time ofresearching as it may create impact over the outcome of the research. 1.7 Synopsis of Literature reviewDuring the research, the researcher has considered many kinds of literature which createthe better understanding of the topic. The views of the various authors are taken intoconsideration while reporting on the subject. It will provide the knowledge of the views of thedifferent people over the use of quotas to promote gender equity. The literature has provided alot of information over the topic which will help in better analyzing of the data. It has createdunderstanding over the argument both in favor and against the topic. The system has providedbetter understanding of the issue which will help during the research1.8 Research methodologyResearch methodology is all about selection of appropriate tools and techniques toaccomplish the research objectives. In every type of the investigation selection of research toolsdepends on the topic which has been selected for conducting the study (Wiek and Lang, 2016).Considering the case of present study where the primary focus is on identifying whether quotasare necessary for women on board and how this can benefit them within the workplace. Further,descriptive research design has been undertaken where the primary focus is on describing thetopic chosen. Data has been collected from the secondary sources where books, journals, andonline articles have been considered.Through this, it has become possible to obtain the adequateamount of information. For data analysis qualitative technique has been employed wheredifferent themes have been formed by secondary data. The deductive approach has beenundertaken, and interpretivism philosophy has been applied. So, these are some of the significanttools undertaken. 4 CHAPTER 2- LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 IntroductionThe section of include the view point of other authors and researchers on topics which areassociated with the research area selected. Furthermore, the chapter plays very important part indissertations as it helps the researcher to develop in-depth knowledge about topic underinvestigation. Literature review also highlights analysis of the secondary sources used by theresearcher at the time of conducting a research. Apart from this, the chapter also help researcherin accomplishing the aim and objectives of a study by providing adequate and reliableinformation with regards to the topic selected for investigation. Here, various themes aredeveloped with a purpose to understand and carry out critical analysis of the viewpoints andworks of various authors.2.2 Uses of Quotas work for the purpose of gender EqualityGender inequality is the oldest and most primitive form of inequality and still exists inmany part of the world (Shaughnessy et al. 2016). Also in the present era it is witnessed then thewomen doesn't have equal access to some other facilities such as healthcare, safety, politicaldecision making and education. Use of Quotas act as an effective medium to promote gender equality and provide equalopportunity for women to grow. In Belgium the Quotas are used in political, business and otherarea to fight against gender inequality. The Quotas helps in ensuring that the parliament is it truerepresent of the population and doesn't consist mainly of men as it demonstrate that every citizenhave equal opportunity to get elected. At present the political leadership is very much dominatedby men. According to PhumzileMlambo- Ngcuka, executive director of UN has stated that it willtake next 50 years to attain gender equality impractical sphere with the current rate of change.The Belgium has introduced legislation increasing Quotas by bringing the act did the politicalparties are required to fill at least one third of the electoral list with the members of under- represented gender group (Faniko et al.) 2017. Gender inequality is not only the problem creating the impact over politics but also on thebusiness world. The research has reported that the company which has appointed female as amanager are more profitable. The Quotas can be used to eliminate old boys’ network and avoidthat this male are not denied for management position because of this gender. These are the5 temporary measures which can be used to eradicate inequality which has been developed overtime. The Government of Belgium has applied the Quotas for listed company since 2011 as perwhich the board must consist of maximum of two third member of one or other members by theyear 2017 or 2019. The government is making effort to avoid wastage of female talent and findthe reason why they fail to climb the career ladder (Yoon, 2016). The score of Belgium is belowthe other European average as women making up 16.7% of the executive Board of the listedcompany in comparison to 17.8% in the whole of EU. The Quotas has few of the negative effectfor instance in Belgium many of the parties have failed to find male candidate to fulfil theQuotas.2.2 Pros and cons for Quotas for women on boardThe UK is opposing the provision to impose 40% Quotas for women on our board thecompanies which are listed under EU (Bowden, 2016). As per the drafted letter signed by thenine labour and the business minister stated that there are too few women on the board of thepublic listed company so there is no requirement of the provision for the company board at theEuropean union. Many of the business has opposed with the female Quotas as it fails to addressthe real problems with equality in business (Roos and Zanoni, 2017). In the recent past theargument trotted out again and again, so here are the few of the Pro and cons over the issue.Pros ? The most positive benefit of the Quotas is that they are quickest and the most effectiveway to ensure that there are equal number of men and women over the board. ? They simply correct the existing discrimination if you believe that there are manycompetent potential female board members as their female counterpart and take the stockof the current imbalance in the number (Quotas for women on boards: all the pros andcons in one place, 2012). ? It facilitate the breakup of the elite circle which otherwise remain unchanged.? If the women are given the position and the power they can act as role model for the otherwomen.? If the women are at the higher position in the organization than they are likely to hiremore women thus promote equity in the society6 "