"In this technological era, every small and large scale organizations need to store their data(collection of raw facts and figures) which can be easily updated or retrieved whenever needed,using their technological systems. The way of storing the data in an organized manner is called adatabase and the system software to manage the database is known as a database managementsystem. The DBMS helps the user to store, update, retrieve, and edit the information anytime.The example of DBMS widely used is Ms-access. Component of Database Management System:The components of DBMS are categorized into four parts:1. Users : These are the persons using the database such as DBA, System admin, end usersetc2. Database Application: This can be personal, official, and departmental.3. DBMS: This is software that is used by the users to create, update, store and manage thedatabase. For example: Mysql, ms-access, oracle.4. Database: This is a collection of organized data.Purpose of using Database Management System: The database management system helps in reducing the complex relationships between data andensures data sharing. The database management system is used in different applications whichassists user to manipulate the data and helps them to understand the flow of data stored in thedatabase. DBMS also enforces rules which can be user-defined and provides the control overdata redundancy and security. To reduce the chances of failure of the database, the DBMS usesACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability). Advantages of DBMS1. Helps in controlling Data Redundancy: Data redundancy is the delicacy of the data inthe database. DBMS helps to control the data redundancy by saving all the relevant datain different files.2. Sharing of Data: The data saved in the DMBS can be accessed or shared by multipleusers at the same time.3. Data Integrity:The DMBS helps to maintain the data integrity. The data is stored inseveral tables in the same database which can be edited, or updated anytime.4. Data Security: DBMS provides the security of data by limiting the access to the differentusers. Unauthorized users cannot access the data of the database in any way. So, Data canbe prevented from any unusual access and can be secured by providing the uniqueusernames and passwords who want to access the database5. Ease of application development: The DBMS applications are designed in a userfriendly manner such that even a naive user can access the database with an ease.6. Multiple user interfaces: There are many different types of interfaces provided by theDBMS such as GUI interface, application programming interface through which the usercan easily navigate and use the application.7. Backup and recovery: DBMs provides strong backup and recovery systems which arehelpful when any system failure occurs. The data saved in the DBMS can easily bebacked up and restored in the database again.8. Data Independence: DBMS makes the data and application programming interfaceindependent to update the structure of the database whenever needed without changing the whole programming of the application. This saves the time of both programmer andthe users, who are using the database. 9. Reduced Maintenance: The DBMS can easily be maintained by the DBA’s or thesystem admin. Disadvantages of DBMS1. Complexity:DBMS is complex software to manage the large scale data. It goesexpensive too as the organization have to hire the professional database administratorsand system admins to maintain the database. 2. Cost of Hardware and Software:The Cost of hardware and software is also high as weneed high speed data processors to run the queries of the DBMS and to retrieve theinformation saved in the database in seconds. It also needs high storage devices to storelarge quantity of data. 3. Size:The size of the DBMS is large as it needs to store large amount of data.4. Cost of training: DBMS is complex database system, so the employees need to get thetraining for using that particular software to access the database. 5. Higher impact of failure: As all the data are stored in a large single database for most ofthe organizations, a single failure to one database may lead to permanent deletion of allthe data. This may cost higher to the organization to retrieve that database again or theymay lose that data permanently. Conclusion:To save, modify and add large amount of data, database management system is very efficientand easy to use. But, the chances of getting database hacked by the hackers are also high. So,to increase the security of the Database, organizations have to perform audits to monitor thelog files of the database. When providing the access to the users, encryption method has to beimplemented in the system to limit the unauthorized access. "