" ITC542-INTERNETWORKINGWITH TCP/IPAssignment item 1 Table of ContentsOSI Reference Model ..................................................................................................................... 2TCP/IP networking model .............................................................................................................. 2Differences ...................................................................................................................................... 2Effective model ............................................................................................................................... 3References ....................................................................................................................................... 4OSI Reference Model The OSI is derived from the name Open Source Interconnection. This OSI model isdeveloped and implemented in 1984 and the main purpose of this model is to implement thecommunication between the two parties namely sender and receiver. The OSI model reduces thecomplexity in network and easy to troubleshoot the network. The OSI model implements thedifferent protocols in seven layers of architecture.The seven layers are namely Application,Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data link and physical layer(Gaurav Bora, SaurabhBora, Shivendra Singh, Sheikh Mohamad Arsalan, Jan,2014). TCP/IP networking model The TCP/IP stands for the transmission control protocol / Internet protocol. This used toimplement the communication between the electronic devices connected over the internet. TCPis responsible breaking the large data into the small packets and IP is to send the informationbetween the computers. It has only four layers namely application, transport, internet and linklayer.Differences? In OSI model it has totally seven layers and each layers are defined with individual functions.In TCP/IP model will be mainly based on the protocols and protocols in each layers will notbe flexible to other layers in TCP/IP.? In OSI model, the transport layer will be responsible for transferring the packets to thedestination based on the address in the packets. In TCP/IP model, the transport layer will notguarantees for the delivery of packets to the destination.? In OSI model, it uses horizontal approach in communication process. In TCP/IP model, itfollows the vertical approach in communication.? In TCP/IP model, the presentation and session layers are not implemented and it has onlyapplication layer. In OSI model, it has all the three layers namely presentation, session,application layer.? The OSI model is a general model, it can be used by any other applications. In TCP/IP modelit is not a general model, because it can’t use by other applications. ? The network layer in the OSI provides both connection less and connection oriented services,but in TCP/IP model network layer only supports the connectionless services.? TCP/IP model does not have any problem in implementing the protocols in it but OSI modelfaces many problems in fitting up the protocol in it.? The OSI model can be easily updated as per the technology changes and in TCP/IP model thetechnology changes cannot be updated easily because it has problem in updating theprotocols in it.? The OSI model is just a theoretical model and used for computing and TCP/IP model is clientserver model used for the communication(P. Ravali, 2013).Effective model As per our research about the two network methodology, OSI model and TCP/IP model.We have found that there are many advantage and disadvantages in both the models. Among thetwo models, when the models are viewed based on the application wise, the OSI model is veryuseful and can be implemented in many applications easily. If the models are compared based on its protocol, then the TCP/IP is the most usefulmethods because due to the increase in protocols in networking environment. So, both themethods are useful in different areas(Nitish Aggarwal, Rachit Gupta, Pallavi Saxena,November,2014). "