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The transition elements are classified as those elements having a partially filled f or d subshell in all common oxidation state. The "transition elements" term commonly refers to the d-block transition elements. The 2B elements cadmium, zinc and mercury do not strictly meet the defined properties, but these are usually included with the transition elements because of their similarities in their properties and characteristics. The f-block transition elements are known as "inner transition elements". The first row of them is called the rare earths or lanthanides. The second row consists of the actinides. All of the actinides elements are radioactive and elements above Z=92 are manmade in accelerators or nuclear reactors.

Properties of the transition elements are

1. High melting point metals.
2. Several oxidation states.
3. Most commonly colored compounds.
4. Paramagnetic.

 

The transition elements categories include the important metals copper, iron and silver. Titanium and Iron are the most abundant transition elements. Many other catalysts for industrial reactions involve transition elements.

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