“Search without Google is like social networking without Face book: unimaginable. “

Google is an American multinational corporation focusing in Internet-related services and products. These contain search, computing, software, and online advertising technologies. Most of its income is consequent from Ad Words.

Google was establishes by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph.D. scholars at Stanford University. Together they hold about 16 percent of its shares. They included Google as a privately held company on September 4, 1998. An initial public offering trailed on August 19, 2004. Its mission lines from the outset was "to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful", and its unsanctioned slogan was "Don't be evil". In 2006 Google enthused to headquarters in Mountain View, California, nicknamed the Googolplex.

Google set in motion in January 1996 as a research project by Larry Page and Sergey Brin when they were both PhD apprentices at Stanford University in Stanford

Google Scholar: Potentially superior for Users of Academic Information

Utilize of the Google search engine is ordinary amongst all sectors of the academic society. The growth of the specialist Google Scholar search service will assistance the academic community in bringing to their concentration content more relevant to their needs. The huge number of Web sites containing potentially appropriate information requires a search engine ranging over many millions of Web sites but with the ability to target very specific types of information. The Google Scholar service has the prospective to cultivate if it develops close contacts with both providers and users of academic information. Use of Google Scholar will give advantage the authors and managers of open access content, but there are opportunities for all types of academic substance providers in the way Google Scholar is set up. Google Scholar will face competition and have to keep pace with user prospects and technological developments.

Precious though the main Google search engine is, its confines for anybody searching for academic content are readily visible. A search may demonstrate up many references of no academic value at all, not necessarily because the quality of the content to which a link is presented is poor, but because the content is not of significance to learning or research. Words used in searching often have different connotations, and a search may disclose content related to a different meaning of a word, although in practice such situations are rare.

Products and services

Advertising

2006 the economic year, the company accounted $10.492 billion in total advertising revenues and only $112 million in licensing and some other revenues. In 2011, 96% of Google's revenue was resultant from its advertising programs. by means of technology from the company DoubleClick, Google can establish user interests and target advertisements so they are relevant to their situation and the user that is screening them.

Google Search engine

 The New York Times criticized about Google's indexing, claiming that Google's caching of substance on its site infringed its copyright for the content. 

The main reason of Google Search is to hunt for text in publicly nearby documents offered by web servers, as different to other data, such as with Google Image Search. Google Search was initially developed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin in 1997. Google Search affords at least 22 special features beyond the creative word-search capability. These comprise synonyms, weather forecasts, time zones, stock quotes, maps, earthquake data, movie showtimes, airports, home listings, and sports scores. There are extraordinary features for dates, including ranges, prices, temperatures, money/unit conversions, calculations, package tracking, patents, area codes, and language translation of displayed pages.

Productivity tools

Gmail, a free webmail service was presented by Google, was launched as an invitation-only beta program on April 1, 2004, and became obtainable to the general community on February 7, 2007. The service was improved from beta status on July 7, 2009, at which time it had 146 million users monthly. The service was the first online email service with one gigabyte of storage space. It was also the first to remain emails from the same discussion together in one thread, similar to an Internet forum. The service offers over 15 GB of free storage, shared with other Google Apps, with supplementary storage ranging from 20 GB to 16 TB obtainable for US$0.25 per 1 GB per year.

Enterprise products

Google Search Appliance was initiated in February 2002, targeted toward providing search technology for larger associations. Google began the Mini three years later, which was targeted at smaller organizations. Late in 2006, Google initiated to sell Custom Search Business Edition, providing customers with an advertising-free window into Google.com's index. After that the service was renamed Google Site Search in 2008.

Other products

Google Translate is a server-side machine translation service, which can interpret between 35 dissimilar languages. Google initiated its Google News service in 2002, an automated examine which abridges news articles from various websites. In March 2005, Agence France Presse (AFP) prosecuted Google for copyright infringement in centralized court in the District of Columbia, a case which Google established for an undisclosed quantity in a pact that included a license of the full text of AFP articles for use on Google News.

Criticism of Google

Criticism of Google comprised alleged misuse and manipulation of search results, its use of others' academic property, concerns that its collection of data may violate people's privacy, censorship of search results and substance, and the energy utilization of its servers as well as concerns over traditional business issues such as antitrust, monopoly, and restraint of trade.

• Potential misuse of search results
• Danger of page rank exploitation
• Page ranking interrelated lawsuits
• Desertion of unbiased rankings for Google Shopping